30秒学会 Python 片段 – Invert dictionary

Inverts a dictionary with non-unique hashable values.

• Create a collections.defaultdict with list as the default value for each key.
• Use dictionary.items() in combination with a loop to map the values of the dictionary to keys using dict.append().
• Use dict() to convert the collections.defaultdict to a regular dictionary.

代码实现

from collections import defaultdict

def collect_dictionary(obj):
  inv_obj = defaultdict(list)
  for key, value in obj.items():
    inv_obj[value].append(key)
  return dict(inv_obj)

使用样例

ages = {
  'Peter': 10,
  'Isabel': 10,
  'Anna': 9,
}
collect_dictionary(ages) # { 10: ['Peter', 'Isabel'], 9: ['Anna'] }

翻译自：https://www.30secondsofcode.org/python/s/collect-dictionary